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GuyM

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  1. Asked: October 31, 2022In: Team Dynamics

    What would be the best way to visualize dependencies between 3 different teams in the same project?

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on November 2, 2022 at 5:30 pm

    At a point you can use any whiteboard tool, create a grid of teams (swim lanes) against sprints, and place the stories on it as post-its with connecting lines. Keep it simple! AzureDevOps can do this in the Planning Views, and even supports teams with different Sprint or Iteration cadences which isRead more

    At a point you can use any whiteboard tool, create a grid of teams (swim lanes) against sprints, and place the stories on it as post-its with connecting lines. Keep it simple!

    AzureDevOps can do this in the Planning Views, and even supports teams with different Sprint or Iteration cadences which is nice…

    BUT…

    at a point I’d suggest that making it super simple and super easy to display and talk about dependencies is addressing the surface issue.

    The underlying problem is how we can really get to the point where we don’t have dependencies, rather than apply technology to managing them.

    Perhaps try:

    – getting all three teams together in a room
    – run an Ishikawa Fishbone analysis with “Dependencies slow us down” as a core problem
    – see where you get to as the likely root cause and restated problem
    – design an experiment to try and address that root cause
    – measure the outcomes, and repeat…

    Every dependency represents a risk of an error in communication, a delay, or both.
    Try and eliminate that risk!

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  2. Asked: October 28, 2022In: Scaled Scrum

    Hi, what is the best way to measure teams performance in scaled agile?

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on October 28, 2022 at 6:28 pm
    This answer was edited.

    Why do you want to measure a team's performance in SAFe? Why do you think SAFe does not explicitly point to a team performance measure? SAFe leans (ha! pun intended) quite heavily on the ideas of W Edward Deming. His 14 points for management from "Out of the Crisis!" are highly valid. Here's some ofRead more

    Why do you want to measure a team’s performance in SAFe?
    Why do you think SAFe does not explicitly point to a team performance measure?
    SAFe leans (ha! pun intended) quite heavily on the ideas of W Edward Deming.
    His 14 points for management from “Out of the Crisis!” are highly valid.
    Here’s some of those 14 points (from this link : https://deming.org/explore/fourteen-points/)
    “10. Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the work force asking for zero defects and new levels of productivity. Such exhortations only create adversarial relationships, as the bulk of the causes of low quality and low productivity belong to the system and thus lie beyond the power of the work force.
    11a. Eliminate work standards (quotas) on the factory floor. Substitute leadership.
    11b. Eliminate management by objective. Eliminate management by numbers, numerical goals. Substitute leadership.”
    So – perhaps worry less about KPIs, metrics and performance targets and more about growing leadership at all levels within the organisation?
    The empirical evidence for this comes from the DevOps movement, as stated in the book “Accelerate! The Science of Lean Software and DevOps: Building and Scaling High Performing Technology Organizations” by Forsgren, Humble and Kim.
    They
    (a) provide 4 metrics (the DORA metrics) at the organisational (ie ART) level that correlate with high performance, and
    (b) point to Ron Westrum’s notion of a “generative” culture, in which
    – teams own performance, and raise the bar al the time
    – the team’s job is to identify systemic problems across the organisation
    – management’s job is to address those systemic issues
    – this is done in respectful partnership
    TLDR; The evidence suggests that individual and team level OKRs and performance metrics are worse-than-useless, in that they degrade organisational performance. Organisation-scale metrics that teams and leadership collaborate to address are better. Read “Accelerate!” and “Out of the Crisis!”
    –

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  3. Asked: October 3, 2022In: Scrum

    As a scrum master, what do you consider an impediment?

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on October 26, 2022 at 8:24 am
    STOP looking for solutions!

    I think when it comes to impediments that it's important to look a bit deeper than the surface "symptom" or expression of discomfort, and look a bit deeper. At a point Scrum, Kanban and so on can be thought of as diagnostic tools. They expose symptoms (impediments), however we want to dig deeper andRead more

    I think when it comes to impediments that it’s important to look a bit deeper than the surface “symptom” or expression of discomfort, and look a bit deeper.

    At a point Scrum, Kanban and so on can be thought of as diagnostic tools. They expose symptoms (impediments), however we want to dig deeper and expose the most likely root cause. If we don’t, then while we can treat the symptom, the underlying problem will return.

    So the main impediments I tend to see are:

    1. Lack of investment in leadership at every level
    There’s a general lack of investment in non-technical skills, and yet we know individuals and interactions are more important than processes and tools. This is usually both within teams, and the wider leadership of the organsiation.

    Core skills around conflict resolution, courageous conversations, effective communication, negotiation skills, problem solving techniques, facilitation and so on are a starting point.

    We also have a lack of basic business understanding (finance, marketing, sales, compliance) and things like an understanding of organisational strategy, change and so on.

    2. “Agile is for the little people”
    Leadership groups are often still playing the same power-and-status hierarchy win-lose games when they are making decisions, rather than functioning as a team. That places their individual short-term goals at odds with the long-term benefit of the organsiation.

    The main symptom of this tends to be a lack of a single clear list of organisational priorities, or leaders trying to work round or manipulate that list for their “pet” projects, and associated conflicting directives.

    Does your leadership team set Sprint Goals or have regular Sprint Reviews and Retrospectives? Why Not?

    3. Leadership Walking the talk.
    At a point, while leadership may express terms like “psychological safety” and “empowerment”, they agree with these things right up to the point where it is their power they have to surrender, and they need to trust (and hence be vulnerable to) the decisions that teams are making. Until they have a transformative shift of perspective in their beliefs about work, people and productivity then performance will remain elusive.

    TLDR; The root cause impediment I see in most organsiations tends to be they are stuck at the start or middle of the Hudson’s “culture ladder”; part of the Scrum Master’s accountabilities is to help with this systemic shift.

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  4. Asked: September 30, 2022In: Scrum

    Any suggestions about PO too busy and team suffering organization and burnout

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on September 30, 2022 at 3:47 pm

    I guess I'd suggest that you need to stop looking for solutions to push onto your team in your context, and start making the problems highly visible to the team. When they can see the problems, as a team, you can start to experiment on potential solutions. And that's what we want - teams that experiRead more

    I guess I’d suggest that you need to stop looking for solutions to push onto your team in your context, and start making the problems highly visible to the team.

    When they can see the problems, as a team, you can start to experiment on potential solutions. And that’s what we want – teams that experiment and solve their own problems, not “heroic” Scrum-Masters-As-Consultants addressing the surface symptoms.

    Using a good Kanban method board is maybe one starting point for this.

    – get the team together and map the value stream you have, from an idea right the way through to completed, deployed software in the hands of the users

    – identify every stage gate, hand-off, discussion point and so on.

    – build this into a Kanban board; look at the Kanban Method for ways to do this. Each stage needs it’s own column. Each column should be split into “Doing” and “Done”; if you prefer you can split into “waiting to be worked on” and “being worked on”

    – when work is stuck because someone is doing something else, then block that work

    Then you can start to look at why the team is burning out…..

    In terms of one-week Sprints….

    The Sprint Cadence is a wrapper for when you want to explore product-market fit with stakeholder and customers. One question might be “should we end-of-life this product now?” for example. A week seems a very short cycle to be able to obtain meaningful business intelligence about the evolution of the market, customers, technology, legal frameworks, what your competition is doing and therefore how you need to inspect and adapt.

    So – sure, potentially longer Sprints are an experiment you could run, but I’d tend to make the work visible first, and focus on why everyone is so busy and yet stuff is not being completed…

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  5. Asked: September 27, 2022In: Scrum

    Any recommended template for capacity calculation?

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on September 29, 2022 at 5:04 pm

    I think mostly trying to micro-manage capacity isn't worth it. What I tend to do is - take the mean of the historical velocity (or throughput in stories/sprint) - take the standard deviation of the same measure - use that to make a probablistic forecast of what the team will deliver over time That gRead more

    I think mostly trying to micro-manage capacity isn’t worth it.

    What I tend to do is

    – take the mean of the historical velocity (or throughput in stories/sprint)
    – take the standard deviation of the same measure
    – use that to make a probablistic forecast of what the team will deliver over time

    That gives you a cone of uncertainty you can track if (say) you are talking about SAFe and capacity Vs delivery through a PI of 5+1 Iterations.

    Actually, I’d do both throughput and velocity, as the team will learn something interesting 🙂

    To make the forecast, you just add up the mean values, so

    Sprint one, gives you 1 x the mean
    Sprint two, gives you 2 x the mean etc

    To find the expected range (ie the error bars above and below this) , you have to add up the standard errors. The standard error is the mean of the standard deviation. You can then get the range at sprint N by taking the square root of that sum.

    So if SD is the standard deviation and SE is (SD) **2

    Error bar at sprint 1 EB1 = SD
    Error bar at sprint 2 EB2 = SQRT (2 x SE)
    Error bar at sprint 3 EB3 = SQRT(3 x SE) and so on

    So at the end of Sprint 3, there is

    – a 16% chance the team will have done ( 3 x mean) + EB3
    – a 50% chance the team will have done ( 3 x mean)
    – an 85% chance the team will have done (3 x mean) – EB3

    For planning, aim at that 85% bar (the low estimate) – you’ll have a buffer that allows you to pull more work, but just a 1-in-6 (ish) chance you’ll be wrong.

    Works pretty well…

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  6. Asked: September 23, 2022In: Team Dynamics

    Any Experience with a 2 days sprint DOJO Model?

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on September 24, 2022 at 2:40 pm

    I've not come across this model, but you can make a Sprint any length you like. At a point, however, the Sprint cadence is really focused on the product-market fit The Sprint Goal aims to be fulfilling an enduring market need, and at the Sprint Review we're inspecting both the product AND the externRead more

    I’ve not come across this model, but you can make a Sprint any length you like.

    At a point, however, the Sprint cadence is really focused on the product-market fit

    The Sprint Goal aims to be fulfilling an enduring market need, and at the Sprint Review we’re inspecting both the product AND the external factors influencing the competitive market.

    Should we end-of-life this product and move to something else is a key question to ask, even if the market is an internal one. Are people moving to “shadow IT” for their solution? Has the technological landscape shifted?

    So – for sure you can do 2 day Sprints and have a high energy hack-a-thon type environment, but if the Sprint Review falls into the “demo-day dysfunction” with a lot of back-slapping and no hard, externally facing empirical data, you’ll fall into the same sunk-cost fallacy as a waterfall product…

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  7. Asked: September 19, 2022In: Culture

    What tip can you help me to lead this organization into Scrum practices when developers are cross-functioning across multiple projects?

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on September 20, 2022 at 4:23 am

    I think there's a bit to unpack there. I guess the two main questions are - why does the company want to be more agile? - why do they want to use Scrum in particular? Those things matter because the outcome the business is after is really the underpinning driver for any change in the "cultural web"Read more

    I think there’s a bit to unpack there.

    I guess the two main questions are

    – why does the company want to be more agile?
    – why do they want to use Scrum in particular?

    Those things matter because the outcome the business is after is really the underpinning driver for any change in the “cultural web” of the organisation, meaning

    – the organisational structure
    – the control systems
    – the power structures
    – the rituals and routines
    – the symbols
    – the “stories” or narrative people tell

    This cultural web (a model created by Johnson and Scholes) defines how the company operates; if you want to change that paradigm, you have to consider all of the elements AND the overall outcome the company is after.

    – as you are identifying, Scrum might not be a good fit
    – maybe look at the Kanban Method as an alternative?

    The key thing about the Kanban Method approach is that you start where you are, visualise the flow of work along a value stream, and start to improve, iteratively and incrementally.

    Maybe start with the book “Essential Kanban Condensed” and see how that goes?

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  8. Asked: September 2, 2022In: Scaled Scrum

    What kind of scrum scaled events do you participate in?

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on September 16, 2022 at 4:37 pm

    There's different scaling patterns you can adopt; some of those are frameworks (eg SAFe, LeSS, Nexus Scrum) but you can also adopt whatever works in your context. At a point, my experience is an awful lot of the "at scale" stuff deals with exposing where the scaling approach has problems, which usuaRead more

    There’s different scaling patterns you can adopt; some of those are frameworks (eg SAFe, LeSS, Nexus Scrum) but you can also adopt whatever works in your context.

    At a point, my experience is an awful lot of the “at scale” stuff deals with exposing where the scaling approach has problems, which usually boil down to

    – conflicting priorities between teams
    – too much work-in-progress across the organisation as a whole
    – teams not organised around a value stream
    – teams cannot work independently of each other

    In a new transformation that’s often compounded by Conway’s Law – the architecture of the system is defined by the old organisational and team structures, so when you rearrange that there tends to be an awful lot of cross-team dependencies which grind things into mud.

    SAFe has the Scrum-of-Scrums within a given value stream (ART) really just to try and deal with Conway’s Law as you start to shift, and holds up Team Topologies as your destination – that is to say a shift from highlighting and *trying* to manage dependencies between teams (or team-of-teams which SAFe calls ARTs) until you realise this isn’t working and start to refactor the architecture so teams can work independently.

    Nexus Scrum has senior engineering staff working 50% on the “Nexus Team” that handles any integration work across team boundaries and ensures that things are resolved as a way of “cutting out the middle person” (ie the Scrum Masters) from the integration problem, again as you try to shift away from “dependency hell”

    As for metrics, the only ones that really matter are the “DevOps” metrics of

    – deployment frequency
    – cycle time for new work (lead time for changes)
    – change failure rate
    – mean time to recovery after a failure

    The key thing is that those metrics are there for the teams, so that they can shape how they improve, and highlight systemic issues for management that need to be addressed….

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  9. Asked: September 16, 2022In: Scrum

    As a Scrum Master , Is it advisable to conduct in-progress demo during on going sprint of 2 weeks?

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on September 16, 2022 at 4:11 pm

    I guess the key things are - who is the demo for? - what value is the demo creating? The Sprint cycle/cadence is NOT a stage gate. The Sprint Review is about evaluating the product-market fit and (at a point) whether we should be moving to end-of-life this product and work on things that are more vaRead more

    I guess the key things are

    – who is the demo for?
    – what value is the demo creating?

    The Sprint cycle/cadence is NOT a stage gate. The Sprint Review is about evaluating the product-market fit and (at a point) whether we should be moving to end-of-life this product and work on things that are more valuable. In that context any demonstration is to support that *strategic* evaluation by key stakeholders, looking at the competitive market and it’s likely evolution. That might be for the product, or for internal products the business as a whole.

    To put it another way, we’re trying to avoid the product becoming a “heritage” system 10 years out, with so much complexity and functionality that it’s hard to learn (from a user or development side), has lots of stuff that is seldom used, and is based on an aging technology stack that is hard to replace.

    In Extreme Programming (XP) you had an “onsite customer” who collaborated intimately with the team as the development was done, looking at what was being developed, answering design questions and so on. The best Product Owners I have worked with can fulfil this role as user-domain experts, to shape the development as it is taking place.

    In that sense demonstrations are continually part of the work, and should be a happening fluidly all of the time….

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  10. Asked: September 12, 2022In: Team Dynamics

    How you handle ego clashes between team members?

    GuyM
    GuyM
    Added an answer on September 13, 2022 at 12:50 am

    So to reflect that back - - you have two people on the team who lack the skills to collaborate effectively as professionals? To some extent it boils down to that; there's often a chronic under-investment in non-technical skills within a team, which can lead to some pretty destructive behaviours beinRead more

    So to reflect that back –

    – you have two people on the team who lack the skills to collaborate effectively as professionals?

    To some extent it boils down to that; there’s often a chronic under-investment in non-technical skills within a team, which can lead to some pretty destructive behaviours being considered okay.

    There’s lot of paths forward from this, but at a point it’s about

    – identifying what behaviours are not acceptable professionally
    – supporting the growth of key confliction resolution skills
    – not allowing unacceptable behavior to continue

    I generally start off with developing a team working agreement from the outset, based on a discussion about what behaviours we see on high performance teams, with a strong focus on “above the line” behavior and psychological safety. That create a platform to build from – or indeed a gap to coach into.

    In one-on-ones the discussions become about how the individuals can be more effective in meetings, so providing other approaches than a win-lose conflict when it comes to how to address issues. At a point this kind of thing will liming their career development significantly, unless they get ahead of it.

    Good facilitation skills help too; when a conversation is deadlocked asking what experiment or spike we could do to determine who is correct is one approach, but so is getting to the point where you can use ELMO (Enough, lets move on)

    Of course, fist make sure you actually have an issue. Perhaps this is just how these two interact, and that the level of push-and-shove is okay for them and the rest of the team.

    if it’s not okay for even one person, however you need to start in on addressing it.

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